Here at Dunphy Medical we’re stocking up on Chlorella, Vitamin C and Omega Oils with added Vitamin D to stay healthy amid winter’s bugs and flus.
Vitamin B is a perennial favourite and Toki is keeping our skin supple and youthful despite any harsh winter winds.
To discover our range of health products click on the Products tab at the top of this website’s homepage or just follow this link https://dunphymedicalcarrigaline.com/products/. All health supplements can be purchased online via PayPal or directly with a cheque or postal order. Purchases will then be delivered to your door by return mail, there’s no need to even leave the house!
Hello everyone, here’s yet more justification for eating most Irish people’s favourite food, the fabulous potato. Below is a video by Dr. John McDougall about the health benefits of starch-based diets, we hope you find it interesting.
And if you’re looking for inspiring ways to cook our noble spud, check out Elgy Gilespie’s cookbook ‘You Say Potato!’
In celebration of Mothers Day this Sunday 30th March, we are celebrating all things feminine with a video from the inspirational TedTalks, and some information on the benefits of Vitamin B for women of all ages.
TEDxFiDiWomen – Alisa Vitti – Loving Your Lady Parts as a Path to Success, Power & Global Change
Vitamin B
Many people take a vitamin B complex to increase energy, enhance mood, improve memory and focus, and stimulate the immune system, however B vitamins may be particularly important for women for a number of reasons. B vitamins can help alleviate PMS symptoms, and women taking the contraceptive pill may particularly want to watch their B vitamin intake as there is an established link between contraceptive pill use and depleted vitamin B6.
A vitamin B complex is a dietary supplement that contains all eight of the B vitamins: B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6, B7 (biotin), B9 (folate), B12. Also found naturally in a number foods, B vitamins help the body to produce energy and form red blood cells.
Health Benefits of B Vitamins
Each B vitamin is essential for specific bodily functions:
B1 and B2 are important for healthy functioning of the muscles, nerves, and heart
B3 helps regulate the nervous and digestive systems
B5 and B12 are required for normal growth and development
B6 supports the immune system and aids the body in breaking down protein
B7 is involved in the production of hormones
B9 helps cells make and maintain DNA
Studies show that taking supplements containing certain B vitamins may benefit your health. For instance:
B1 may help prevent kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes and reduce risk of cataracts
B2 may prevent migraines; B3 may lower cholesterol levels
B6 may protect against heart disease, relieve PMS symptoms, and alleviate pregnancy-related nausea
B9 may help prevent breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. B9 (folate) can also decrease the risk of birth defects when taken by pregnant women
B12 may lower cervical cancer risk and reduce levels of homocysteine (an amino acid thought to contribute to heart disease when it occurs at elevated levels)
Why Do People Take B Complex Supplements?
Proponents claim that vitamin B complex supplements can help with a variety of health conditions, including:
Anxiety
Depression
Fatigue
Heart Disease
Premenstrual Syndrome
Skin Problems
Food Sources of B Vitamins
cereals and whole grains (a source of B1, B2, and B3)
green leafy vegetables (a source of B2 and B9)
eggs (a source of B7 and B12)
chicken (a source of B3, B6, and B12)
citrus fruits (a source of B9)
nuts (a source of B3 and B9)
kidney beans (a source of B1 and B2)
bananas (a source of B6 and B7)
Vitamin B5 is found in almost all foods.
When Should You Take a B Complex Supplement?
If you’re not getting enough B vitamins from your diet, taking a B complex supplement may be beneficial. Deficiency in B vitamins can cause a number of symptoms, including tiredness, anemia, loss of appetite, depression, abdominal pain, muscle cramps, hair loss, and eczema.
Consult your health care provider to find out whether a B complex supplement is right for you.
The B Complex we currently stock is Douglas Lab’s Tri-B-100.
Tri-B-100
Energy and stress control
DESCRIPTION
Tri-B-100 provided by Douglas Laboratories® is a six
to eight hour timed release formulation of all the B
vitamins as well as several other important dietary
components metabolically associated with the B
FUNCTIONS
As coenzymes, the B vitamins are essential
components in most major metabolic reactions. As
water-soluble substances, B vitamins are not
generally stored in the body in any appreciable
amounts (with the exception of vitamin B-12).
Therefore, the body needs an adequate supply of B
vitamins on a daily basis.
Vitamin B-1 (thiamin), vitamin B-2 (riboflavin), and
niacinamide are all essential coenzymes in energy
production. Thiamin is required for the energetics of
the glycolytic and Citric Acid Cycle reactions.
Thiamin is also related to nerve impulse
transmission. Riboflavin is a component of
coenzymes FAD and FMN, which are intermediates
in many redox reactions, including energy production
and cellular respiration reactions. Niacin is a
component of the coenzymes NAD and NADP,
which are also integral components of energy
production reactions.
Vitamin B-6 dependent enzymes are required for the
biosynthesis of many neurotransmitters, including
serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Vitamin
B-6, a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism, is also
necessary for the processing of homocysteine and the
conversion of tryptophan into niacin.
Folic acid together with vitamin B-12 serves as a
methyl donor for biosynthetic reactions, including the
conversion of homocysteine to methionine.
Optimum metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and
fats depends upon adequate levels of biotin and
pantothenic acid. Biotin is essential for many
metabolic carboxylation reactions, while pantothenic
acid, as part of Coenzyme A, is essential to energy
production via the Citric Acid Cycle.
While not truly vitamins, choline, inositol, and paraaminobenzoic
acid are important, related nutrients to
B vitamins. Choline serves not only as a methyl
donor for homocysteine metabolism following
conversion to betaine, but also as a structural
component of cellular membranes as
phosphatidylcholine and of the neurotransmitter
acetylcholine. Inositol aids in the cellular response to
hormonal signals, serves as a source of arachidonic
Chang TY, Chou KJ, Tseng CF, Chung HM, Fang HC, Hung YM, Wu MJ, Tzeng HM, Lind CC, Lu KC. “Effects of folic acid and vitamin B complex on serum C-reactive protein and albumin levels in stable hemodialysis patients.” Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Aug;23(8):1879-86.
Clarke R, Lewington S, Sherliker P, Armitage J. “Effects of B-vitamins on plasma homocysteine concentrations and on risk of cardiovascular disease and dementia.” Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007 Jan;10(1):32-9.
Galan P, Kesse-Guyot E, Czernichow S, Briancon S, Blacher J, Hercberg S; SU.FOL.OM3 Collaborative Group. “Effects of B vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases: a randomised placebo controlled trial.” BMJ. 2010 Nov 29;341:c6273. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c6273.
Instead of giving in to tired old ‘Oirish’ stereotypes and consuming triple our body weight in alcohol in honour of St. Paddy, at Dunphy Medical we are increasing our consumption of chlorella, a green algae derived superfood packed with vitamins, minerals and protein. The name Chlorella is taken from the Greek chloros, meaning green, so it is the perfect accompaniment to St. Patricks Day celebrations! Chlorella is renowned for its detoxifying qualities making it even more suited for Paddy’s day consumption by many revellers around 17th March!
“Chlorella, a single-celled fresh-water algae, is one of the most heavily researched algae in the world. It’s often referred to as a near-perfect food as research through the years have identified an astounding range of health benefits. While being well known for its ability to detoxify your body by binding to toxins and carrying them out of your system, that’s certainly not all it’s good for.” (www.mercola.com)
Chlorella’s health benefits include:
Repairing nerve tissues
Increasing your energy levels
Enhancing your immune system
Normalizing your blood sugar
Improving digestion
Normalizing your blood pressure
Promoting healthy pH levels in your gut, which in turn helps good bacteria to thrive
Removing potentially toxic metals from your body
Enhancing your ability to focus and concentrate
Eliminating bad breath
Chlorella can also be of benefit to vegetarians and vegans looking for proteins and B vitamins from a non-animal source. About 60 percent of it is protein, and because it contains all the essential amino acids your body needs, it’s considered to be a “complete protein.”
TOKI: A Radiant New You in 45 days. Toki Collagen is a lemon flavoured supplement that was developed to provide absorbable collagen and essential nutrients to the deep layer in the skin. Clinically tested for wrinkles, age spots, hydration and natural radiance.
Toki is available in powdered drink or tablet form or at our clinic.
-For wrinkles, age spots, hydration and natural radiance
Kat JamesAuthor of ‘The Truth about Beauty: Transform Your Life from the Inside Out’ “Toki collagen drink represents a safer, perhaps even health-building alternative or compliment to other models of wrinkle reversal. Clinical research shows a compelling reduction of lines and discoloration in as little as 45 days. And these effects are not just limited to the face.”* read full review
Dr. Linda PageOne of the world’s leading natural health and beauty educators. Author of more than 20 books and the besteller ‘Healthy Healing A Guide to Self-Healing for Everyone’ “My skin tone is actually purer and more porcelain-like – and not just on my face – I see a change in my skin all over! I highly recommend Toki as a daily protocol for skin health, anti-aging and beauty. I don’t want to be without it and neither will you!”* read full review
Dr. Jonathan V. Wright, MDAuthor of Nutrition and Healing Newsletter, January 2008 “[Toki research] certainly appears to disprove the idea that injecting collagen is the only way to prevent it from being broken down by digestion.”* read full review
Dr. Irwin Kantor, MDDermatologist, Principal Investigator of Toki Clinical Study “The diminished appearance of fine lines and wrinkles was impressive. I was even more impressed with the fading of discolored spots on the skin “*
Fighting the Signs of Ageing Beauty experts know that our bodies produce less collagen as we age. That can lead to fine lines, age spots and dry, tired looking skin. The challenge has always been how to restore collagen levels, especially in the critical, deep layer of the skin. Most creams and lotions only penetrate the upper skin layer. Then, a new, different collagen drink called TOKI, offered the promise of porcelain skin from within. TOKI, developed in Japan, appeared to do what other skin products, including other collagen supplements could not, helped to restore deep layer collagen levels. As a result a growing number of men and women, of all ages, have made TOKI part of their daily lives. Many have seen TOKI continually diminish wrinkles and age spots while enhancing overall skin glow, hydration and tone.
Collagen to the Dermis TOKI, a natural lemon citrus drink, was developed to provide absorbable collagen and essential nutrients to the deep layer in the skin. It is composed of patented Collagen peptide, Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), Calcium (calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide) Glucosamine, HA (Hyaluronic Acid) and Dermantic Acid (Muccopolysaccharide Complex) and HAI (Heated Algae Ingredient). This collagen formula is water soluble and highly absorbable. The HAI which contains approximately 47 amino acids may facilitate absorption of the collagen. TOKI powder, mixed in eight ounce of water, delivers all of these essential nutrients to the dermis, traveling through the bloodstream, to bring nourishment to cells deep down where topical applications cannot reach. Like water from an underground spring, the nutrients in TOKI are absorbed into the dermis and parched cells begin springing back to life. TOKI nourishes and replenishes from within.
Clinically Tested For Wrinkles and Age Spots TOKI was the subject of an eight-week-long clinical study of 32 women between the ages of 35 and 65. The study results were published in the Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association (JANA) in 2002. Each woman was evaluated every two weeks for improvement in the soft tissue of the eyes, sagging, puffiness, wrinkles, and overall facial aging through a visual assessment scale, dermatological exams, and patient self-evaluations. Blood collagen levels were also tested during the first four weeks of the study.* The dermatological review found statistically significant improvements in the soft tissue of the eyes, sagging, puffiness, wrinkling, and aging over the course of eight weeks. Patients saw improvements in their appearance and on average, blood collagen indicators increased by 114%. In addition Medical professionals are finding that TOKI is useful as an adjunct to other forms of cosmetic treatment. Sylvan Bartlett, M.D. of Midland TX started patients who have deep scars on TOKI the same day they have laser resurfacing.
Porcelain Skin From Within TOKI reintroduces a youthful look and feel to skin with an extraordinary ingredient base that includes Collagen Peptide and Vitamin C to restore a more youthful quality to the skin. That is combined with the moisture retention of Hyaluronic Acid in a mucopolysaccharide complex. When all these ingredients are modified with HAI Amino Acid Extract from Hijiki seaweed for enhanced absorption, skin tone, moisture level and resiliency are revived. In as little as 45 days, skin texture starts to become smoother and tighter, hydration and radiance improve and the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles may be diminished. Toki is available in convenient single packets powder form or mini-tabs.
Toki Collagen Powder 60 Packets
Toki Mini-Tabs: 900 Mini Tabs
TOKI RESULTS
Toki contains Active Collagen, Calcium, and Hyaluronic & Dermatanic acids. These nutrients have been combined with 47 amino acids from Hijiki seaweed to promote absorption. Unlike topical creams, Toki supports internally. The consumption of dietary collagen formulation (Toki) resulted in highly statistically significant improvement in periorbital wrinkling, in periorbital aging and in periorbital overall facial aging. The investigator’s mean global improvement scores of overall facial aging as compared to baseline photographs were highly significant.* In women with age-related skin changes, a dietary collagen formulation (Toki) from LaneLabs significantly improved periorbital wrinkling, periorbital aging, and periorbital overall facial aging with minimal adverse effects.* Dermatological Examinations from a 60-day clinical study of 40 Toki users (led by the Director of Dermatology at Research Testing Laboratories, New York.) rated 78% of women as “improved” or “much improved” on his global assessment including: radiance, appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and lightening of patchy discolorations such as age spots.
Three clinical studies measured the benefit of taking Toki collagen drink for aging skin. The first study found a statistically significant improvement in facial aging as early as two weeks and throughout the entire eight week trial. Significant improvement in wrinkling and aging around the eyes was also noted. The second study found blood collagen levels more than doubled (114%) among women taking Toki for four weeks. In the third study, researchers noted subjective smoothening and moistening of the skin among elderly patients who took Toki for four months. Adverse events observed were minor and included intermittent diarrhea, and nausea. Some clinical trial patients saw no benefit. Your results may differ
TOKI STUDIES
The Science of Toki The skin is divided in 2 main portions; the upper layer is the Epidermis and the lower layer is the Dermis. The bottom layer of the Epidermis is where pigment-producing cells live (melanocytes), where our skin color is produced as well as less desirable skin tones and overall skin discolorations (freckles, dark spots). These can also be due to sun damage.
The Dermis goes through many changes in the aging process. The Dermis is where the capillaries that bring blood flow to the skin live. When Collagen and Elastin fibers begin to break down, it may lead to skin weakness, or sagging (fine lines, wrinkles). The overuse of facial muscle will also cause deep wrinkles (squinting, frowning, smiling). Because TOKI is taken internally (in the form of a drink), it can help deliver nutrients to the dermis (lower layer). The result: A total body solution that supports a youthful appearance.*
Toki Clinical Studies STUDY 1: A CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DIETARY FORMULATION IN IMPROVEMENT OF AGE-RELATED SKIN CHANGES IN WOMEN WITH MODERATE TO SEVERE WRINKLING OF THE PERIORBITAL AREA Irwin Kantor, MD, FAAD, Louise A.Donikyan, DO, Randi Simon, BS, Bernd Wollschlager, MD RTL, Inc., Hackensack, New Jersey Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine and Family Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida The Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association (JANA) (2002) Vol 5,2 : 10-19 ABSTRACTContext: The relationship between dietary supplement and the repair of aging skin is unclear. Objective:To assess the safety and efficacy of a dietary formulation for the improvement of age -related degenerative skin changes in women Methods:Using a blinded, randomized, parallel design, a total of 40 women, age 35-65 years were enrolled and divided into approximately balanced groups with 38 women completing this eight-week, four-visit study. Recommended daily doses of the study product, a dietary collagen formulation (Toki), were 7.5g (given to Group A) and 8.5g (given to Group B). Both investigator and subjects assessed skin wrinkling and other skin characteristics in the periorbital (“eye”) area as well as overall facing aging. Main Outcome Measures:Safety and Efficacy of a dietary collagen formulation when used to improve periorbital wrinkling, aging, sagging, and puffiness and periorbital overall facial aging. Results:The consumption of dietary collagen formulation resulted in highly statistically significant improvement in periorbital wrinkling, in periorbital aging and in periorbital overall facial aging. The investigator’s mean global improvement scores of overall facial appearance as compared to baseline photographs were highly significant. Significant improvement was noted as early as two weeks. Conclusion:In women with age-related skin changes, a dietary collagen formulation (Toki) significantly improved periorbital wrinkling, periorbital aging, and periorbital overall facial aging with minimal adverse effects. Case Study 1. Patchy Discolorations
Self Observations -Toki users reported firmer, more pliant skin, less noticeable the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and improvements in skin color. Other Findings -The study also revealed that Toki was most effective for those who did not smoke or did not have extensive sun-damage. Read Complete Published Study Here
STUDY 2: ABSORPTION OF TOKI MEASURED BY BLOOD COLLAGEN ASSAY Absorption of collagen form Toki was assessed by measuring levels of serum collagen. Hydroxyproline (amino acid component of collagen) levels were measured and converted to equivalent levels of porcine collagen. Serum collagen levels were tested at baseline, study day 15 and study day 30. Clinical evaluations, performed by a board-certified dermatologist, and subjective evaluations were used to determine the effectiveness of Toki in improving skin appearance. Clinical assessments and subjective evaluations were performed at day 15, study day 30 and study day 60. Absorption of collagen form Toki was assessed by measuring levels of serum collagen. Hydroxyproline (amino acid component of collagen) levels were measured and converted to equivalent levels of porcine collagen. Serum collagen levels were tested at baseline, study day 15 and study day 30. A statistically significant increase in hydroxyproline was observed at both day 15 and day 30 as compared to baseline, suggesting a high rate of absorption of Toki collagen. Read Study Results Here
STUDY 3: SKIN IMPEDENCE AND JOINT HEALTH Researchers at Katsuragi Hospital in Japan discovered skin improvements in people who ingested Toki (described as AAACa calcium with collagen and other matrix components). In this 80 person case controlled study, changes were measured between an individual taking Toki and a similar subject who took nothing. The researchers noted that “basal skin impedance, which increases with age, was significantly reduced in response to the Ca-collagen matrix [i.e. Toki] supplementation, suggesting a change in skin properties similar to rejuvenation, along with subjective smoothening and moistening of the skin.
What the Press Say…
“Toki provides significant improvement for periorbital problems including wrinkles… the diminished appearance of the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles was impressive.”* Read full article –Cosmetic Surgery Times
“Toki significantly improved facial ageing.”* Read full article –JANA Journal
“Down it three times a day, and within a month and a half… age spots will lighten and your skin texture will be more refined.”* Read full article –New York Magazine
“Those turned off by the idea of [collagen] injections might be interested to know that it is sold in other forms.” Read full article –Elle Magazine
A real youth drink? Toki ($195 for a 30-day supply; 888–AGELESS) is the first collagen-replacement drink (it’s meant to feed skin from within, where creams can’t reach). It diminishes lines and fades spots.* –Self Magazine
A Drink to Your Skin: The Latest Anti Aging Product is Ingested, not Injected.* –Fashion Wire Daily
Sarah, a 20-year-old publicist, swears by a Japanese powdered drink called Toki that, when consumed three times a day, works to hydrate skin cells and stimulate collagen production, to give you a more youthful glow.”* –Nylon Magazine
“I have been taking Toki for 30 days and I love it.” –Fox 5 News
“The drink contains three essential nutrients to help improve the appearance of the skin: calcium, collagen and hyaluronic acid“* Read full article –Medical Spa
“[The] natural collagen drink clinically shown to reduce fine lines and age spots”* Read full article –Renew
“LaneLabs Toki is a collagen drink that helps diminish the signs of aging and improves skin texture.”* Read full article –Skin Inc.
“Nurture your body from the inside out.” Read full article –H Texas Magazine
“Introduced to the U.S. by way of Japan, [Toki] has become a leader in the field of natural beauty aids” Read full article –Happi
“The result is overall improvement in the texture and appearance of the skin, according to the company.”* Read full article –Les Nouvelles
“Anyways, I really REALLY really enjoyed this. And am placing an order for my mother ASAP. Had I thought ahead, I would have taken before and after pictures, but now you will just have to take my word for it! – And the word is GREAT!”* Read full article –Beauty Snob
“Now I know what you are saying, “drinkable collagen?” Yes, indeed and it is basically a nutritional therapy that is good for your face and whole body.” Read full article –Melinda Zook
“Toki has become a leader in the field of natural beauty aids.” Read full article –TheCelebrityCafe.com
“Until now if you wanted to get a little collagen pucker up, you had to go get an injection. But why go for a shot when you drink Collagen at home. Yep, we said drink.”* Read full article –Chip Chick
“Toki was introduced as the first collagen drink to help diminish signs of aging and improve texture and appearance, literally leading women to their ‘fountain of youth’”* Read full article –Make Up University
Abram Hoffer PhD, RNCP, President Orthomolecular Vitamin Information Centre speaks about treating mental health concerns with nutrients. This alternative therapy employs vitamins, minerals, and amino acids to create optimum nutritional content for the body, as well as the right environment and equilibrium. Like most alternative medicine techniques, orthomolecular medicine targets a wide range of conditions. [depression, bipolar, adhd, schizophrenia, add, addiction, alcoholism, drug addiction…]
Orthomolecular medicine was developed by Linus Pauling, Ph.D., winner of two Nobel prizes, in 1968. It is designed to enable individuals to reach the apex of health and the peak of their performance by utilizing only naturally occurring substances (e.g. vitamins, minerals, enzymes, trace elements, co-enzymes). The proper balance of these substances in the body is the key to reaching physical, mental, and emotional health and stability. Orthomolecular medicine can be used therapeutically to treat diseases such as cancer and AIDS, or preventatively to impede the progress of degenerative disease and aging. When all is said and done, however, the main objective of orthomolecular medicine is to help the patient reach an optimal level of health; his or her self-esteem will probably improve in the process.
Although orthomolecular medicine did not fully develop into a therapy until the late 1960’s when Pauling coined the term “orthomolecular,” the premise behind this practice originated in the 1920’s, when vitamins and minerals were first used to treat illnesses unrelated to nutrient deficiency. It was discovered that vitamin A could prevent childhood deaths from infectious illness, and that heart arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) could be stopped by dosages of magnesium. Hard scientific evidence supporting nutritional therapy did not emerge, however, until the 1950’s, when Abram Hoffer, M.D., and Humphrey Osmond, M.D., began treating schizophrenics with high doses of vitamin B3 (niacin). As a consequence of their studies, it was revealed that niacin, in combination with other medical treatments, could double the number of recoveries in a one-year period.
Eventually, it was determined that malnutrition and consumption of refined, empty-calorie foods such as white bread and pastries and overconsumption of sugar could yield disease and psychiatric disorders. It became apparent that a person’s diet was an overwhelmingly integral part of his or her health and well-being. Further studies showed that decreased intake of dietary fiber, bran, minerals, and complex carbohydrates was prevalent in patients with certain forms of mental illness, accompanied by a loss of vitamins and an increase in dietary fat.
Biochemical individual is a main principle of orthomolecular medicine. This principle was elucidated by Roger J. Williams, Ph.D. This principle is quite simple: every living organism is unique! Furthermore, each individual requires different relative amounts of nutrients for his or her satisfaction and optimal level of health. The government sets a minimum recommended daily allowance (RDA) which is supposed to be adequate for all individuals. However, many may need to exceed the RDA as well as the recommended 2,000 calorie diet in order to prevent severe deficiency disease. Thus, RDA values are not perfect guidelines for everyone. Several studies have proven the existence of biochemical individuality. For example, studies of guinea pigs showed a twentyfold variation in their requirement for vitamin C. A study conducted with human subjects revealed that children have varying needs for vitamin B6.
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Absorption of collagen form Toki was assessed by measuring levels of serum collagen. Hydroxyproline (amino acid component of collagen) levels were measured and converted to equivalent levels of porcine collagen. Serum collagen levels were tested at baseline, study day 15 and study day 30. Clinical evaluations, performed by a board-certified dermatologist, and subjective evaluations were used to determine the effectiveness of Toki in improving skin appearance. Clinical assessments and subjective evaluations were performed at day 15, study day 30 and study day 60. Absorption of collagen form Toki was assessed by measuring levels of serum collagen. Hydroxyproline (amino acid component of collagen) levels were measured and converted to equivalent levels of porcine collagen. Serum collagen levels were tested at baseline, study day 15 and study day 30. A statistically significant increase in hydroxyproline was observed at both day 15 and day 30 as compared to baseline, suggesting a high rate of absorption of Toki collagen. 
Dunphy Medical Carrigaline 